Omuwandiikibwa gw'Abatandika ku Kwekwekereza: Engeri Eby'ensimbi Byo Bwe Bikuumibwa mu Ntambula n'Obutebenkanya
Oli kumpi okusindika ensimbi nyingi mu cryptocurrency. Okikuba ku “Withdraw,” oyingiza ekifo, n’ogenda mu maaso n’ogerekerako buli akabonero (kubanga oli wa magezi bw’otyo), n’oyingiza ku “Confirm.” Mu kaseera katono, ensimbi yo ey’ekikugu etandika olugendo lwayo okuyita mu nsiko enkulu, enkolagana ey’oku internet okutuuka ku kifo kyayo.
Kino kye kiseera ky’okwesiga. Oli w'ogenda okwewandiisa nti crypto yo ey'amaanyi ejja kufika bulungi. Naye, osabye okwewandiisa nga ekyo kiki? Kiki ekikola nga paketi y'amaanyi, ennyanjula ya makubo g'ettaka, efuluma mu nteekateeka y'ekikadde nga efulumya abakozi ab'amaanyi era tebalina kitiibwa?
Akakulu, mu kintu kimu, ke ekikozesebwa.
Mu Exbix, tukirina nti okwewandiisa si kintu kimu kye kimu, wabula... okukola; kiki ekifaananyi ekyakolebwa n’amasanyalaze ag’amaanyi. Era okuzzaamu ekitundu ky’amaanyi mu nteekateeka y’amaanyi. Olukalala luno lujja kukakasa engeri okuzzaamu kikwatako mu kukyusa obuwumbi bwo, ng’ogenda mu (mu nsi) n’ogenda mu (mu bifo). Tolina kifo kyonna mu masomo g’amasanyalaze. Tujja tugga n'ekikola wano.
Ekika 1: Okukozesa Obutafuna – Si N'ekikola Kya Abasajja Bwe Kye Kiri
Ekitegeeza ky’akawandiiko ke kifo ekikadde. Amateeka g’ensimbi z’oyita mu kifo ekikadde. Okyala mu kifo ekikadde (okukola encryption) era okyala n’ekyuma. Kati, n’akawandiiko k’akawandiiko akakwatiddwa, tebalina ky’akola ku kifo ekikadde. n'eky. Encryption ye kiti ya dijitali, na obulamu bwayo businga okutuukirizibwa.
Waliwo obutundu bubiri obw'amaanyi mu encryption bw'oyinza okufuna:
- Symmetric Encryption: Eyi esuubiza ekyuma kimu okulaba n'okukola ku kiti. Ekitangaala era kikola bulungi. Ggenda mu maaso ng'ekyuma kimu, ekirina abantu abawerako. The challenge is: how do you securely give that key to the other person without anyone intercepting it?
- Asymmetric Encryption (Public-Key Cryptography): Eyi na-eji otu di na abụọ nke igodo: otu Igodo Ọha na otu Igodo Nkeonwe. Igodo ọha bụ dịka nchekwa mepere emepe nke onye ọ bụla nwere ike iji mechie akwụkwọ n'ime ya. Ozugbo emechiri, nchekwa ahụ ekyali kikulu okukirizibwa n'ekyuma ekitukuvu, ekirina obulamu obutukuvu. Eno egatta obuzibu bw'okusaba obukozesebwa mu ngeri ya symmetric encryption.
Enkola zino zikola mu nteekateeka okuteeka mu maaso ensi y'ekikadde eky'ekikadde gye twerina buli lunaku.
Ekifaananyi 2: Okukwata ku Nsi: N'ekyo Kifaananyi Kyo Ekikadde “Mu Kkubo”
Olw'okukola ne Exbix—okugatta, okudda mu ssente, okuteeka ekikwekweto—data ejja mu nteekateeka okuva ku kkozi yo ne mu maservere gaffe. Ekitundu kino kye “mu kkubo” ekikola. Okukakkana ku data eno kwekikulu.
Tekinologiya erimu okuteekateeka kino kwe TLS/SSL, ey'oyiga ng'eky'ekirina okutukiriza ikikoni y'obukwata (🔒) erimu ku URL y'ewandiika mu browser yo. Eno esigamiziddwa ku Transport Layer Security (enkya y'ayo yateekeddwa SSL). Wano waliwo engeri y'ekola ekitundu ekirungi ku data yo:
1. Okukubaganya: Okukola Okukakasa Okukozesebwa
Mu kiseera nga browser yo ejjuza Exbix, tekinyonyola mu bungi obw'amaanyi. Ekitandikirwako,
bano “handshake.”
- Webus yawe ebasaba maserver etu okuzikiza.
- Maserver etu asasula nga bayita SSL Certificate, ekitabo eky’ekikadde ekiraga nti be bano exbix.com era si abalala.
- Webus yawe echecka ekitabo kino ku luwangula lw’abakulu abategeerekeka. Sawa ekyali, obukwata bwebwe.
2. Okusanyusa Ebikozesebwa: Okukola Ekikalu Ekitukuvu
Okwetegereza kwetukiridde, kati nsonga y’okusaba okukola ekikalu ekitukuvu.
- Okukozesa okufunza obutafaanana, ebikozesebwa byo bisaba Exbix’s ekikozesebwa ekitukuvu ( okuva mu ssaawa) okufuna ekitundu eky’amaanyi ya data na we send it back.
- Only Exbix’s private key can decrypt this message. N’ime ozi a, e nwere ihe a na-akpọ session key.
- Session key a bụ igodo maka symmetric encryption. Ma ihe nchọgharị gị na sava anyị nwere ugbu a igodo session a, nke a na-agbanwe n'ụzọ nchekwa n'ihi asymmetric mbụ. handshake.
3. Okwanjula Okwesige: Symmetry n'ọrụ
Na nke fọdụrụ na oge gị, data niile e zigara n'etiti gị na Exbix bụ nke e jidere ma wepụ site na iji igodo oge a na-ekekọrịta. Ọ na-agba ọsọ ngwa ngwa ma dị nchebe. Ọ bụrụ na onye ọ bụla chọpụta data ahụ n'oge njem, ihe niile ha ga-ahụ bụ ciphertext nke na-adịghị emetụta—a
nsonyi ekikadde ky'ekitabo.
Ono ye nsonga lwaki oyinza okwewala okwewandiisa ku nsonga z'ekikadde ezikuyamba mu browser yo ng'ogenda mu maaka go'ekikadde. Kitegeeza nti okwewandiisa kw'oyina mu bbeeyi y'obulamu era n'ekikadde.
Ekifaananyi 3: Ekikadde kya Digital Fort Knox: Nti Data yo Efulumya “Mu Buli Kifo”
Obulamu bwo tebuva mu mbeera. Bwe bukoledwa, obulamu bwo bulina okubeera mu kifo—ebikozesebwa byo, ebikozesebwa by’ekikadde, n’amateeka g’okuva mu nsimbi. Kino kye kifo “mu mbeera.” Okukozesa obulamu mu nsi y’amaanyi kisobola okuba nga tekitadde mu server mu nteekateeka ey’obulamu bw’amaanyi ku buli muntu okuyitamu.
Okukiririza mu bulamu mu mbeera kwe kugaba Fort Knox y’ebyobulamu. Tukoze mu nteekateeka eya mu kifo:
1. Okukwasa kw'ekikozesebwa (FDE): Ekitundu kyonna eky'ekikozesebwa ekirina amakulu ku Exbix kyonna kikozesebwa mu kukwasa. Kino kitegeeza nti singa ekikozesebwa kyonna kyakwatibwa oba kyakolebwa, amakulu agali mu kyo gajja kuba tegalina kukwatibwako mu bwangu nga tewali bukiiko bw'okusobola okukwasa. Kiri ku ntandikwa n'ekikulu mu kukwasa.
2. Okukwasa kw'amakulu: Tukozesa obukwasa obw'amaanyi
kati okusinga okuzza obukodyo bwonna. Mu masimu gaffe agateekeddwa mu bbeeyi, ebifo eby'amaanyi —nga obukodyo bwo obwakikiddwa (bw'etuukiriza mu fomu eyakodyeddwa), data y'okusaba, n'eb address z'amasimu —byonna bikoledwa mu ngeri eya kuteekateeka. Kino kitegeeza okukodya ku bifo eby'amaanyi oba okukodya ku bibalo. Naye bw'oba omusiyaga asobola okudda mu bbeeyi endala, ekintu kyonna ekikulu kibeera ekyali mu kiti ye nze mu safu yange.3. Ekyokulabirako ku Bwakabaka: Okukola ku Makulu
Okukozesa obukodyo mu kukola data kyekimu ku bintu. Ekitundu ekirala, ekikulu, kiki okukola ku makulu. Kiki ekisoboka mu safu ey’eddala nga osigala ekikalu ku kiti?
Mu Exbix, tetukola makulu ku server eziri ku data eyakolebwa.
Eki ziri mu mfumo wosiyana, wotetezeka kwambiri wotchedwa Hardware Security Module (HSM). HSM ndi chida chachikulu, chosagwirika, chomwe chakhazikitsidwa kuti chizipanga, kuika, ndi kulamulira makiyi a cryptographic. Chidacho chakhazikitsidwa kuti chiziyika chinthu chake ngati chikuona kulakwika kulikonse kapena kuchita mwachindunji. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti makiyi athu ndi otetezeka ngati data yomwe iwo protect.Part 4: A Special Note on Cryptocurrency: Who Holds the Keys?
Ono luwala olukulu mu crypto. Bwotugamba ku “obutambi bwo” mu crypto, kye tuba tukola kwekuba ku ebikozesebwa ebyekyama ebiraga obutambi ku blockchain.
Eno ng'endo ziri zibiri:
- Custodial (ng'oma nyingi z'ekibanja, okuli Exbix): Tuweera ku mukuza obuyinza bw'ama keys g'ekibanja kyo ku lw'ogw'ekyusa. Kino kye kisinga okuba kiki ekikulu mu nteekateeka z'obutebenkevu ez'awaka. Tuli mu kuteekateeka okukuuma ama keys ago n'obutebenkevu obw'amaanyi n'ama HSM. Ekigendererwa kino kitegeeza obulungi n'ekikadde, era recovery options.
- Non-Custodial (nga wallet yawe ya hardware): Iwe niwe owokukiriza ebikozesebwa byo. Oweereza obukugu bwonna, naye era obukugu obw'amaanyi. Singa otya ebikozesebwa byo, emisa yo ejja mu maaso.
Ku Exbix, ekika ky'ekisigamiziddwa kimu kityo tukola obukugu obw'amaanyi bw'ekikula ky'ekikula, olwo osobole okwekola n'okutunda nga olina essanyu. Obukozesebwa bw'ekikula bw'ekikula ebikozzi ya wallet yo mu bisi mu masystem gaffe n'ekikola ekikulu mu by'ekikula byaffe.
Okuggyawo: Okukola kw'ekikula kyo kye kintu eky'amaanyi mu byaffe
Okukozesa obukodyo tekyali ekikozesebwa; kye kintu eky'amaanyi mu byonna ebyo tukola ku Exbix. okuva mu oge gị data si na nchọgharị gị pụọ na tunel e dere na mkpuchi ruo mgbe ọ na-ejide na nchekwa anyị, nke e dere na mkpuchi, ọ na-enwu n'ọnụ ụzọ nke nchedo cryptographic.
Ịghọta usoro a na-enye gị ikike dịka onye ọrụ. Ọ na-egosi gị na nchedo nke akụ gị anaghị abụ anwansi—ọ bụ nsonaazụ nke injinia a na-eme atụmatụ, nke dị elu, na nke na-agbanwe agbanwe mgbe niile. Ye’no engeri y’akola obusobozi bw’oyita muffe mu buli kintu ky’oyita mu.
Olw’ekyo, mu kiseera ekirara lwe w’okozesa “Confirm,” tewewandiika okutuusa ku kintu. Okwetegereza ekitundu ekikola mu nsi y’amaanyi g’ebyuma, nga g’akola mu bwongo obutakola bubi okukuwa obulamu bw’amaanyi mu nsi ya crypto.
Ekibiina kya Exbix
