Reka tugire insiguro nyayo mu munota umwe. Uri hano kuko uri umunyabwenge. Warabonye ubushobozi bw’ubutunzi bwa digitale, ufata ububasha ku kazoza kawe k’ivy’ubutunzi, maze utera intambwe mw’isi y’amahera y’ivy’ubuhinga bwa none. Ni ibiteye umunezero, biratanga ubushobozi, kandi mu kuvuga ukuri, ni inzira ya kazoza. Ariko ububasha bukomeye burazana n’inshingano nini—vyihariye, inshingano yo gucungera itunga ryawe ry’ubuhinga bwa none. Kandi muri ubu burengero bw’agahomerabunwa bwa internet, impanuro mbi n’imigani iteye akaga birakwiragira vyihuta kuruta ipompo nshasha y’ibiceri vy’ibinyoma. Turabibona imisi yose kuri [Izina ryawe ryo guhindura]. Uwukoresha yakoze vyose neza, kiretse kwizera igice kimwe gihambaye c’imigani y’umutekano, aheza akabura amahera. Birababaza umutima, kandi hafi ya vyose birashobora gukingirwa. Rero, reka dusubire inyuma umugozi. Reka dushire mu kaga imigani itanu isanzwe kandi iteye akaga cane y’umutekano wo kuri internet iriko irashira mu kaga ubu crypto yawe wakoze cane. Inkuru z’ikinyoma #1: “Ijambobanga rikomeye ni ryo ryonyene nkeneye.” Inkuru z’ikinyoma: Wabwiwe kuva ukiri muto: ukoreshe inyuguti nini, imibare, ibimenyetso, n’izina ry’igikoko cawe ca mbere. Nimba ijambo banga ryawe rigoye cane, uri Fort Knox. Ukuri: Mw’isi y’ivy’ubuhinga bwa none, ijambobanga ryonyene ni nk’ugukoresha urufunguzo rumwe rudakomeye cane ku nzu y’ububiko yuzuye ibipande vy’inzahabu. Bishobora guhagarika uwuriko ararengana ashaka kumenya vyinshi, ariko ntibizohagarika igisuma yiyemeje. Ibitero vyo muri iki gihe ntibikunda guteba ijambobanga ryawe. Ahubwo, bakoresha: Data Breaches: Niba warasubiyemwo iryo jambobanga “rikomeye” ku rundi rubuga rwacitse, amabots azogerageza iyo combo nyene ya email/ijambobanga ku nzira yose izwi n’umuntu (ivyo vyitwa “credential stuffing”). Imbuga z’ubuhendanyi: Ushiramwo ijambobanga ryawe “rikomeye” ata gatotsi ku rubuga rw’ikinyoma rusa n’urwacu. Ubu nyene warahaye imfunguruzo uwo musuma wewe nyene. Keyloggers & Malware: Porogarama mbi ziri ku gikoresho cawe zirashobora gusa kwandika igihe cose ukora, zigatuma ijambo banga ryawe rigenda ku muntu ashobora gutera. Iciyumviro nyamukuru: Ijambobanga ni izina ry’umuntu ry’agaciro, si uburyo bwo gucungera umutekano bwigenga. Ico Ukwiye Gukora Aho Gukora: Gushoboza Ivyemezo Bibiri (2FA) HOSE. Ivyo ntibishobora gusubirwamwo. 2FA yongerako iyo nzira ya kabiri ku nzira y’ububiko. Naho umuntu yoba afise ijambobanga ryawe, arakeneye kode yihariye, ifata umwanya iva kuri telefone yawe kugira ngo yinjire. Koresha Umucungerezi w'Ijambobanga. Ivyo bikoresho biratanga kandi bikabika amajambo y’ibanga ateye igomwe cane kandi yihariye ku rubuga rwose ukoresha. Ukeneye kwibuka ijambobanga rimwe gusa. Ivyo bica bikuraho burundu ingorane zo guterwa n’abantu. Ntukigere Usubira Gukoresha Amajambobanga. Cane cane si kuri konti yawe ya email, akenshi ni yo nzira nyamukuru yo gusubiramwo ayandi majambo y’ibanga yawe yose. Inkuru z'ikinyoma #2: "Sinzokwigera Ngwa mu Buhendanyi. Biragaragara Cane." Inkuru z’ikinyoma: Ama email y’ubuhendanyi yuzuye ikibonezamvugo kibi, iterabwoba ryihutirwa ry’ALL-CAPS, n’amaderesi y’ibinyoma bigaragara nka n0-reply@secure-bitcoin.wix.com. Uranyabwenge cane kuri ivyo. Ukuri: Uguhenda abantu vyarahindutse ubuhinga buteye ubwoba cane bwitwa “uguhenda abantu n’amacumu.” Abatera barakora ubushakashatsi ku vyo batera. Bazomenya izina ryawe, ivyo uhindura, mbere bazokwegeranya ingeso zawe zo gucuruza. Turiko turavuga kuri: Infashanyo y’ibinyoma ya Twitter/Telegram: Amakonti y’ibinyoma yinjira mu ma DM yawe atanga “imfashanyo.” Klone

Imbuga: Imbuga ziri kopi zitunganye z’ivyacu, zifise URL ifise ikimenyetso kimwe (nk’akarorero, your-exchange.com vs. your-exchange.com—raba ‘е’ y’ikisiriliki?). Fake Browser Extensions: Ivyuma vy’ububisha bisa n’ibibereye ariko bikagutwara amahera yawe igihe wemeye ko ukora ikintu. Iciyumviro nyamukuru: Si ivy’ubwenge; ni ivy’ukwiyubara. Umuntu wese arashobora gushikirwa n’ikinyoma gikozwe mu buryo butagira agasembwa. Ico Ukwiye Gukora Aho Gukora: Ikimenyetso c’Ivyo Uhinduranya. Imisi yose genda ku rubuga rwacu ukanda ku kimenyetso cawe, atari ku nzira iva kuri email, tweet canke ubutumwa bwa Discord. Suzuma kabiri URLs. Imbere yo kwandika ikintu cose, suzuma neza URL iri mu kabati k'amaderesi. Rondera inyandiko ibereye n’ikimenyetso ca https:// c’urufunguzo. Suzuma Imirongo Yemewe. Ushobora gusa kuronka infashanyo ku mahuza ari ku rubuga rwacu rwemewe. Wiyumvire ko umuntu wese utasavye ari ubuhendanyi gushika bigaragajwe ukundi. Inkuru z’ikinyoma #3: “Ivy’Imisoro y’Ivy’Imibano Ntibimenyekana Kandi Ntibishobora Gukurikirana.” Inkuru z’ikinyoma: Kubera umuco wa pop n’abakinyi babi bakeyi bo mu ntango, benshi bemera ko Bitcoin n’izindi cryptocurrencies ari igikoresho ciza cane co gukorana n’abantu ata mazina, atashobora gukurikirana. Ukuri: Amafaranga menshi y’ivy’ubuhinga bwa none (cryptocurrencies) ni ay’amazina y’ibinyoma, ntabwo ari ay’amazina y’ibinyoma. Ivyo umuntu akora vyose vyandikwa ibihe bidahera ku gitabu ca bose, kitahinduka, ni ukuvuga blockchain. Iyumvire gutya: aderesi yawe y’ipoke si izina ryawe, ariko ni izina ry’uruyeri ridasanzwe. Iyo umuntu yigeze guhuza iryo zina ry’uruyeri n’akaranga kawe nyakuri (biciye mu nzira ya KYC ku bijanye n’uguhinduranya, ugucuruza ukorana n’ikigo kizwi, canke OpSec y’ubujuju), barashobora kubona amateka yawe yose y’ugucuruza. Ibihe bidashira. Iciyumviro nyamukuru: Blockchain ni inyandiko ihoraho ya bose. Ubuzima bwite ni ikintu utegerezwa gukorera n’umwete, si ikintu gisanzwe. Ico Ukwiye Gukora Aho Gukora: Koresha Amasakoshi Menshi. Niwiyumvire kugira ama wallet atandukanye y’intumbero zitandukanye (nk’akarorero, imwe yo gucuruza ku masoko, iyindi yo gufata igihe kirekire, iyindi yo gukorana n’ama dApps mashasha). Ivyo birafasha gucapura igikorwa cawe co mu vy’amahera. Igishe ku bijanye n'ibiceri n'ibikoresho vy'ubuzima bwite. Nimba ubuzima bwite ari co kintu ca mbere, nukore ubushakashatsi ku buhinga bwihariye buri inyuma y’ibiceri nka Monero (XMR) canke Zcash (ZEC), bitanga ivyemezo bikomeye vy’ubuzima bwite. Koresha ibikorwa vya CoinJoin vya Bitcoin n’ubwenge kandi bivuye ku batanga ibikorwa vy’icubahiro. Wiyumvire Imbere y’Ugukora. Kora mu ciyumviro c’uko igikorwa cose ukora umusi umwe coshobora kurabwa n’umuntu wese. Inkuru z’ikinyoma #4: “Iyi Exchange Ni Ninini, Rero Amahera Yanje Aratekanye 100% Aho.” Inkuru z’ikinyoma: Amabarabara manini manini kandi azwi cane ni ibihome bidashobora guca. Bafise amashirahamwe y’abahinga, rero sinkeneye kwiganyira ku mahera yanje ku rubuga rwabo. Ukuri: Naho amashirahamwe y’ubudandaji afise izina ryiza nk’ayacu ashiramwo amamiliyoni mu bijanye n’umutekano wo ku rwego rwo hejuru (ububiko bukonja, amahera y’ubwishingizi, ugukurikirana 24/7), nta n’uburyo bwo kuri internet bushobora guhungabana 100%. Amateka ya crypto ni, ikibabaje, yuzuye “manini cane ku buryo atashobora kunanirwa” ubucuruzi bwananiwe bitangaje. Ingingo ngenderwako ngo “Si imfunguruzo zawe, si crypto yawe” irahari kubera imvo. Iyo amahera yawe ari ku nzira y’ubudandaji, uba uriko urizigira iyo nzira y’ubudandaji ngo izoyakingira. Urashikirwa na: Exchange-Wide Hacks: Ibitero bikomeye cane ku bikorwa remezo vy’isoko. Iterabwoba ryo mu mutima: Abakozi b’abanyaruyeri canke imigenzo mibi y’umutekano wo mu mutima. Gufata ibintu mu buryo butegekanijwe: Ibikorwa vya Leta bishobora guhagarika

umutungo. Iciyumviro nyamukuru: Ubucuruzi ni igikoresho ciza cane co gucuruza, ariko si ububiko bwa banki. Ntibikwiye kuba umuti wawe wo kubika igihe kirekire. Ico Ukwiye Gukora Aho Gukora: Koresha Igikapu c’Ivyuma kugira ngo Uzigame. Ku giciro cose gihambaye c’amahera ya crypto udategura gucuruza ubwo nyene, uyishire mu gikapu c’ibikoresho (nka Ledger canke Trezor). Ivyo bikura ibiceri vyawe ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi bikaja mu bubiko bwawe bwite bukonje. Guhindura Ububiko Bwawe. Ntubike amagi yawe yose mu giseke kimwe—naho ico giseke coba ari igikapu cawe bwite c’ibikoresho. Ugire backup kandi umenye ijambo ry’imbuto yawe yo gukira mu mutwe (ariko ntuzokwigere ubikoresha mu buryo bwa digitale!). Hitamwo neza Ivyo Guhanahana. Kora umukoro wawe wo muhira. Koresha ubucuruzi bufise ivyandiko vyemewe, ibimenyamenya vy’ububiko bigaragara, n’amasezerano akomeye y’ubwishingizi. Inkuru z’ikinyoma #5: “Mudasobwa/Telefone yanje irasukuye, rero nta malware mfise.” Inkuru y’ikinyoma: Nimba igikoresho canje kitagenda buhoro, kidasohoka amatangazo, canke kidakora ibitangaje, gitegerezwa kuba kitarimwo amavirusi n’ibintu bibi. Ukuri: Ivyo bikoresho biteye akaga kuruta ibindi vyose muri iki gihe vyakozwe kugira ngo ntibiboneke. Intumbero yayo si iyo kukubabaza; ni ukukwiba mu gacerere. Ivyanditswe vy’ubuhinga bwa none, ivy’ubuhinga bwa none, n’ivy’ubuhinga bwa none bishobora kumara amezi menshi ata kimenyetso na kimwe kiboneka. Igitero gisanzwe ni umusuma w’ibarabara. Ukopa aderesi yawe y’ipoke kugira ngo wohereze amahera umugenzi wawe. Porogaramu mbi itaboneka ica ihita iyisubirira n’aderesi y’umunyaruyeri. Uca ushiramwo ukarungika, amahera akagenda ubuziraherezo, ata mahirwe n’amwe yo gusubira inyuma. Iciyumviro nyamukuru: Muri crypto, ukutagira ibimenyetso si ikimenyamenya c’umutekano. Igikoresho cawe ni igice gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’umutekano wawe. Ico Ukwiye Gukora Aho Gukora: Gushiramwo amahera muri Porogarama z’Umutekano Zifise Izina. Igikoresho ciza co kurwanya virusi/anti-malware ni igice c’ishimikiro co kwikingira. Ube maso ku vyo ushobora gukurako. Gushiramwo porogaramu zivuye mu masoko yemewe gusa. Irinde porogarama zisambutse, imikino y’ubuntu, n’ibindi bikoresho vy’igitutu—ni vyo bikunda gutwara porogarama mbi. Suzuma kabiri amaderesi. Imbere yo kohereza amahera iyo ari yo yose, canecane iyo ari nini, wama ugenzura inyuguti zine za mbere n’iza nyuma z’aderesi y’agasakoshi k’uwuronka. Ivyiza kuruta, wohereze agace gatoyi k’ikigeragezo mbere. Gumana Ivyo Vyose Bishasha. Uhora uhindura ubuhinga bwawe bwo gukoresha, umucukumbuzi, n'amaporogarama yose. Ivyo bishasha akenshi birimwo ibintu bihambaye vyo gucungera umutekano. Insozero: Guha ubushobozi biciye mu burezi Intumbero hano si iyo kugutera ubwoba ngo uve mu crypto. Ni ibihushanye n’ivyo. Turashaka kubaha ubushobozi bwo kugira uruhara mu mwizigiye kandi ata nkomanzi. Umushinge w’umutekano si igikoresho c’ubupfumu canke ikibanza kimwe; ni umuzirikanyi w’ugukekeranya gufise amagara meza n’inyigisho zigira ico zikoze. Mu gukuraho izo nkuru z’imigani no kwemera ingeso twavuze, uva ku kuba umuntu ashobora gushikirwa n’ingorane ukaja ku kuba umuntu ari maso kandi afise umutekano mu bukungu bw’ubuhinga bwa none. Ufata ubutunzi nyakuri. Kuri [Izina ryawe ry’Ihindura], umutekano wawe ni wo dushira imbere kuruta ibindi vyose. Twubaka ubuhinga bwacu tubifise mu muzirikanyi, ariko turagukeneye nk’umufatanyabikorwa. Gumana n’amakenga, guma umenye, kandi reka twubake kazoza k’amahera gatekanye, turi kumwe.

Impanuro zo gukingira kuri Internet

5 Inkuru z'imigani zisanzwe zo kuri interineti zishobora gutuma ubusa mu gikapu cawe ca Crypto