Indima ye-Oracles ku-DeFi: Kungani Zibalulekile kuma-Smart Contracts
Emhlabeni osheshayo wezezimali ezizimele (DeFi), ukuhamba phambili akukhuthazwa kuphela — kubalulekile. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-blockchain buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, umphakathi osondelene nawo ubandakanya ubunzima obukhulu, ubudlelwano, kanye namandla. Omunye wezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezivumela le miphumela yikhona oracle — umphakathi ophakathi kwe-blockchains kanye ne
umhlaba wangempela. Ngaphandle kwama-oracle, ama-smart contracts azobe ehlukanisiwe, engakwazi ukuxhumana nedatha yangaphandle, futhi ngaleyo ndlela enezinkinga ezinkulu ekusebenzeni. Kulokhu kuhlola okubanzi, sizohlola ngokujulile indima yama-oracle ku-DeFi, kungani ebalulekile kuma-smart contracts, nokuthi ama-platform afana ne Exbix Exchange asebenzisa kanjani le teknoloji ukuze aqinise abantu emnothweni ophumelelayo.Yini Ama-Oracles ku-Blockchain?
Ngokuyinhloko, ama-oracles ngamasevisi wesithathu anikeza izivumelwano ezihlakaniphile ngemininingwane yangaphandle. Ama-blockchain ngokwemvelo ayizinqumo ezithile — aqhuba ikhodi ngokusekelwe emithethweni echaziwe nasemkhakheni state. Nokho, izinhlelo eziningi zangempela zidinga ulwazi oluphuma ngaphandle kwe-blockchain: amanani ezimpahla, izimo zezulu, imiphumela yezemidlalo, noma ngisho nezindaba.
Njengoba ama-blockchain engakwazi ukufinyelela idatha engaphandle kwe-blockchain, ama-oracle asebenza njengabaphakathi abathembekile. Athola, aqinisekise, futhi alethe ulwazi lwangaphandle kumakontileka akhanyayo, evumela ukuthi enze izinqumo ezisekelwe kudatha yesikhathi sangempela. Cabanga ngempela njengomthombo wedatha — kodwa ngekuqinisekiswa kwe-cryptographic nokuhlanganiswa ezinhlelweni ezizimele.
Isibonelo, uma ipulatifomu yokubolekisa ye-DeFi idinga ukwazi intengo yamanje ye-Ethereum (ETH) ku-USDT ukuze ibone inani lesiqinisekiso, ithembele kumthombo wentengo ukuhlinzeka ngalolo datha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isivumelwano singenza singenakwazi ukuthi isiqinisekiso somsebenzisi si- okukhulu, okwenza ukuthi uhlelo lonke lungasebenzi.
Kungani Ama-Oracles Ebalulekile ku-DeFi?
Imali Engenamkhawulo ihlose ukuhlela kabusha izinhlelo zezimali ezijwayelekile — ukwakha, ukuboleka, ukuhweba, ukuqinisekisa, ama-derivatives — ngaphandle kwabaphakathi. Kodwa ngokungafani nezikhungo eziphezulu ezingafinyelela izinqolobane kanye ne-APIs mahala, ama-protocols e-DeFi asebenza kumabhulokhi angama-sistimu avaliwe. Lapha, ama-oracle aba yisisekelo esibalulekile.
1. Izinkomba Zamanani Zezikhwama Ezizinzile Nezinkundla Zokuboleka
Omunye wezindlela ezivamile zokusebenzisa ama-oracle ukuhlinzeka ngama izinkomba zamanani. Ama-protocols afana ne-Aave, i-Compound, kanye ne-MakerDAO athembele ekunembeni, ngesikhathi sangempela idatha yokub pricing ukuze kulawulwe i-collateral, kuhlakazwe izikweletu ezingaphansi kwe-collateral, futhi kugcinwe ukuzinza kwesistimu.
Cabanga umsebenzisi ofaka i-ETH njenge-collateral ukuze athole i-USDT. I-smart contract kumele iqhubeke ibheka intengo ye-ETH/USDT ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi isikweletu sisesimweni esiphephile. Uma intengo yehlile ngaphansi komkhawulo, uhlelo kumele lwenze ukuhweba. Le nqubo yonke incike ku-oracle ethembekile. ukuletha idatha efanele nesikhathi.
Platforms ezifana ne Exbix Exchange zinikeza ukufinyelela okungaphazamiseki kumapari okuthengiselana amakhulu afana ne ETH/USDT , lapho ukutholwa kwentengo ngesikhathi sangempela kwenzeka njalo ngemuva kwesekhondi. Lo mthetho ofanayo uyasebenza ku-chain — ngaphandle kwezinkanyezi. qinisekisa ukuthi ama-protocols e-DeFi angafinyelela lezi zintengo ngokuphepha nangokucacile.
2. Ukukwazi Ukudala Izimpahla Zokwenziwa Nezikhwama
Izimpahla zokwenziwa — ama-tokens alandela inani lezimpahla zangempela ezifana negolide, amasheya, noma izimali ezisemthethweni — yinsiza entsha ye-DeFi eqhutshwa ngama-oracle. Isibonelo, i-token ye-synthetic ye-Apple stock ku-blockchain kudinga ukuthi kubonise intengo yesitoko yangempela ngesikhathi sangempela. Ama-oracle akhipha le datha ezimakethe zezimali futhi ayifaka kwi-smart contract, kuvumela ukuthi i-synthetic asset igcine i-peg yayo.
Ngokufanayo, izimakethe ze-futures nezinketho ku-DeFi zincike kuma-oracle ukuze ziqedele izinkontileka ngokusekelwe eziphethweni zomhlaba. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuwukuthi intengo kawoyela, umphumela wokhetho, noma i- umphumela womdlalo wezokungcebeleka, ama-oracle enza kube nokwenzeka ukuthi izimakethe ezizimele zisebenze.
Abasebenzisi be-Exbix sebesengakwazi ukuhlola amathuluzi okuthengisa athuthukile nge imakethe ye-futures , lapho ukunemba kwentengo nokuhamba kwesikhathi kubalulekile. Njengoba i-DeFi iqhubeka nokuphinda ibonakale kwi-finance esezingeni eliphezulu, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-oracle-powered izixazululo zizokhula kuphela ekubalulekeni.
3. Ukuqinisekisa kanye Nokuphathwa Kwezingozi
Izinhlelo ze-DeFi zokuhlinzeka ngokuqinisekisa ezifana ne-Nexus Mutual noma i-InsurAce zisebenzisa ama-oracle ukuze zihlaziye izingozi futhi ziqinisekise izicelo. Isibonelo, uma uhlelo luthola ukuhlaselwa noma uma umthombo wezintengo uvalwa, i-oracle ingaqinisekisa lesi senzo futhi iqale ukukhokha ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lokhu kususa i- ukudingeka kokucubungula izicelo ngesandla futhi kuqinisekisa ukuphepha.
Ama-oracle nawo asiza ekuhloleni ubungozi obujolile ngokubheka ukujula kwenethiwekhi, amanani egesi, noma ukuwa kwezinguquko — zonke lezi zinto ezingathinta impilo yezinqubo ze-DeFi.
Izinhlobo zama-Oracle: Amaqembu Aphakathi vs. Amaqembu Ahlukanisiwe
Akukho konke oracles akha ufanekileyo. Zivela ezahlukahlukene, ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo ezihlukile mayelana nokuphepha, ukuzinza, nokwehlukaniswa.
Oracles Ezenzakalayo
Lezi yizinsiza ezilodwa ezilawulwa yisikhungo esisodwa. Nakuba kulula futhi kusheshayo, zenza iphuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka. Uma umhlinzeki we-oracle eba ukuphazamiseka noma uma kuvalwa, isivumelwano esihlakaniphile singathola idatha engalungile noma engenayo, okungaholela emiphumeleni emibi.
Isibonelo, uma ipulatifomu yokuboleka isebenzisa i-oracle ephakeme ethumeleka ngokungafanele ukwehla kwe-90% kwentengo ye-ETH, kungase kudaleke ukuhoxiswa kokubolekwa okukhulu — noma ngabe imakethe iyazinzile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlasela kwe-oracle, futhi sekukhona okwenzeka ngaphambili. emlandweni ye-DeFi.
Izikhumbuzo Ezizimele
Ukunciphisa le miphumela, izikhumbuzo ezizimele ezifana ne Chainlink, Pyth Network, kanye ne API3 zihlanganisa idatha evela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene futhi zisebenzisa izindlela zokuvumelana ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunembile. Lezi zinkundla zisebenzisa izikhuthazo zezezimali (ukubeka, ukusika) ukugwema ukuziphatha okubi.
Izikhungo ezizimele zihlala ziqokelwa njengezinga eliphezulu ku-DeFi ngoba zihambisana nezimiso eziyisisekelo ze-blockchain: ukungathembeki, ukuveza, kanye nokumelana nokucindezelwa.
Njengoba Exbix Exchange iqhubeka nokwandisa umphakathi wayo, ukuhlanganisa amanethiwekhi ezikhungo ezizimele kungathuthukisa ukuphepha nokwethembeka kwezinto ezizayo. Imikhiqizo ye-DeFi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana nokuhweba okuzenzakalelayo, imivuzo yokubambisana, kanye nokuhambelana phakathi kwezixhumanisi.
Oracles Zisebenza Kanjani? Uhlolojikelele Lobuchwepheshe
Ngenkathi umqondo we-oracle ulula, ukufaka isicelo kuhilela izendlalelo eziningi zobunzima. Nansi ukuhlukaniswa okulula kwe how a decentralized oracle operates:
- Isicelo Sedatha: Ikhontrakthi ehlakaniphile icela idatha ethile (isb. “Iyini intengo yamanje ye-PEPE ku-USDT?”).
- Ukuhlinzekwa Kwezimpendulo: Inethiwekhi ye-oracle ihlukanisa lesi sicelo kubasebenzi bezinod.
- Ukuhlanganiswa Kwedatha: I-node ngayinye uthola idatha emithonjeni ethembekile engaphandle kwechweba (isb. izimakethe, ama-API).
- Uhlelo Lokuvumelana: Inethiwekhi iqhathanisa izimpendulo futhi isebenzisa imodeli yokuvota noma yokuhlanganisa ukuze inqume inani lokugcina.
- Ukulethwa Kwe-On-Chain: Idatha eqinisekisiwe ibuyiselwa kwi-smart contract, eyokwenza ngokuya ngempumelelo.
Le nqubo ivame kubandakanya izinhlelo zokwazisa, ubufakazi obubethelwe, kanye nezijeziso zabantu ababi ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bedatha.
Kwabadayisi abaqapha izimpahla ezishintshashintshayo ezifana no PEPE, ukuhlinzekwa ngamanani ngesikhathi sangempela nokunembile kubalulekile. Ku-Exbix, abasebenzisi bangalandela i-PEPE/USDT trading pair enobukhulu bokunemba — izinga lokwethembeka elizama ukulandelwa ngama-DeFi oracles ku-chain.
Ukuphepha kwe-Oracle: Izingozi Nezixazululo
Nakuba zisebenza kahle, ama-oracle ayizinto ezibuthakathaka kakhulu ku-DeFi. Kunezinsolo eziningi eziphakeme ezenzekile ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwama-oracle:
- Ukuhlasela kwe-bZx (2020): Abahlaseli baphazamisile i-oracle yentengo ngokwenza ukuhweba okukhulu emakethe engeyinhlekelele, bephazamisa uhlelo lokubolekisa ukuba lukholelwe ukuthi intengo ye-token ishintshile kakhulu. Lokhu kuvumele kubaboleka kakhulu kunalokho okwakufanele bakwenze.
- Ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-Harvest Finance (2020): Izindlela ezifanayo zasetshenziselwa ukuhlela ukuhweba kwamanani nokukhulula izigidi ezivela kuhlelo.
Lezi zenzakalo ziveza ukubaluleka kokuhlelwa kwe oracle ephephile. Izindlela ezinhle zihlanganisa:
- Ukusebenzisa idatha eziningi izinsiza ukugwema ukuncika kwi-exchange eyodwa.
- Ukufaka amanani aphezulu ahlukaniswe ngezikhathi (TWAPs) ukuphucula ukungaguquguquki kwamaholo esikhashana.
- Ukufuna imigomo yokuphila okuncane ngaphambi kokwamukela idatha yamaholo.
- Ukusebenzisa izithiyo ze-circuit ezimisa ukusebenza uma amanani ehlukile kakhulu. kakhulu.
Njengoba i-Exbix ithuthukisa ingqalasizinda yayo, ukuthatha lezi zivikelo ekuxhumaneni kwe-DeFi kungaba yisinyathelo esihle sokwakha ukwethenjwa nokumelana.
Izimo Zokusebenzisa Eziqondile Zama-Oracles ku-DeFi
Ake sithathe izibonelo ezithile zokuthi ama-oracles akhulisa kanjani ubuchwepheshe ku finanses ezizime.
1. Abakhiqizi Bemakethe Abazenzekelayo (AMMs)
Izivumelwano ezifana ne-Uniswap ne-SushiSwap zisebenzisa ama-oracle ukuze ziqaphele ukulahleka okungapheli futhi zithuthukise ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi. Nakuba zisebenzisa ikakhulukazi amanani angaphakathi (based on reserves), ukufaka ama-oracle angaphandle kungasiza ama-LP ukuvikela ngokumelene nezinguquko noma ukuhlela kabusha. portfolios ngokuzenzakalelayo.
2. Abahlanganisi Bezimali
Amapulatifomu afana ne-Yearn Finance asebenzisa ama-oracle ukuze alandele imivuzo ezindaweni ezahlukene zokubolekwa kwemali. Uma kuvela inani elingcono ku-Aave uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Compound, umhlanganisi angakwazi ukushintsha izimali ngokuzenzakalelayo — okwandisa imbuyiselo kubasebenzisi. Le nqubo yokwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo iyenzeka kuphela uma kunezintengo ezithembekile nemivuzo. idatha evela kuma-oracle.
3. Ukuvumelana Kwezinhlaka Ezingxenyeni
Amarhume nawo adlala indima ekubhekaneni namabhulokhi. Isibonelo, i-CCIP yeChainlink (Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol) isebenzisa ama-oracle ukuqinisekisa imicimbi ethile kukhonkco olunye bese iqala izenzo kukhonkco olunye. Lokhu kuvumela ukudluliswa kwezimpahla okuvikelekile, imiyalezo, nokuhlanganiswa. emhlabeni wonke.
Cabanga umsebenzisi obeka izimpahla ku-Exbix futhi ethola ama-tokens anenzuzo angasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-DeFi ku-Ethereum noma ku-Binance Smart Chain. Amanethiwekhi e-oracle angaqinisekisa isimo sokubeka futhi avule imivuzo phakathi kwezintambo — kudala uhlelo lwezezimali oluxhumene ngempela.
U-Exbix usunikeza inkundla yokubeka lapho abasebenzisi bengathola khona imali engapheli. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-cross-chain kungavumela ukuthi izimpahla ezibekwe zivezwe futhi zisetshenziswe ezinhlelweni ze-DeFi ngaphandle kokushintshwa kwemvelo.
Ikusasa Lezinhlelo Zokusebenza: Ngaphezu Kwezintengo
Ngenkathi izintengo zikhishwa dominate izimo zokusebenzisa ama-oracle zamanje, ikusasa linokusebenza okubanzi kakhulu.
1. Ukuhlola Okungahleliwe
Ama-oracle angakhiqiza ukungahleliwe okuqinisekisiwe nge-cryptography kokukhiqiza ama-NFT, imidlalo, nezinhlelo zempumelelo. I-Chainlink VRF (Verifiable Random Function) isetshenziswa kabanzi emaphrojekthini afana ne-The Sandbox kanye ne-Polychain Monsters. ukuqinisekisa imiphumela efanelekile futhi engashintshiwe.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kwangaphandle Kwekhompyutha
Amanye amanethiwekhi e-oracle angakwazi ukwenza izibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi bese ebuyisela kuphela umphumela kwi-smart contract. Lokhu kwehlisa izindleko zegesi futhi kuvumela imicabango ethuthukisiwe — njengokuhlola izikweletu, ukuhlela ubungozi, noma amasu okuthengisa aqhutshwa yi-AI — ngaphandle kokwandisa i- blockchain.
3. Izinhlelo Zokuhlonza Nokwaziswa
Omakhalekhukhwini bangakwazi ukuqinisekisa ubunikazi obungaphandle kwe-chain, imisebenzi yezokuxhumana, noma umlando wesikweletu ukuze kuvumeleke ubunikazi obungaphansi (DID) izixazululo. Lokhu kungase kuqinise ukukhipha imali engaphansi kokuhlinzekwa, lapho udumo lomsebenzisi — hhayi kuphela izimpahla zabo — lwenza ukuthi amandla okuboleka.
4. Ukuhlanganiswa Kwedatha Ye-IoT Nezomnotho Zangempela
Cabanga ngekhontrakthi ehlakaniphile ekhokhela abalimi ngokuya ngedatha yokuna kwemvula evela eziteshini zezulu, noma eyakhulula izinkokhelo ze-inshurensi ngemuva kokwenzeka komshoshaphansi. Ama-oracle angaxhuma ama-blockchain kumadivayisi e-IoT, amasathelayithi, kanye nezinqolobane zik government, evula izimpahla zangempela tokenization nokuthi parametric insurance.
Izinselelo Eziphakathi Kwezinethiwekhi Zama-Oracle
Nakuba zinezithembiso, ama-oracle abhekene nezinselelo eziningi okufanele zixazululwe ukuze i-DeFi ifinyelele emandleni ayo aphelele.
1. Ukulibaziseka vs. Ukuvikeleka Ukuphikisana
Idatha yesikhathi sangempela ibalulekile, kodwa ukufushane kokuvuselelwa kungabeka ukuphepha engcupheni. Iningi lama-oracle aphumelelayo alawula ukuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze kuvunyelwane futhi kuqinisekiswe. Ukulinganisa isivinini nokuphepha kuhlala kungumsebenzi obalulekile kubaklami.
2. Ukuthembeka Komthombo Wedatha
Noma ama-oracle aphumelelayo adinga imithombo ye-off-chain, engase ungathembeki noma zishintshwe. Uma ama-node amaningi ethatha idatha ku-API eyodwa ethukile, yonke insiza ibhekene nengcuphe. Ukuhlukanisa imithombo nokusebenzisa ukuhlunga okusekelwe kumphakathi kubalulekile.
3. Ukuqhubeka Kwezomnotho
Abasebenzisi be-node kumele bakhuthazwe ukuhlinzeka ngedatha enembile. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuhilela imivuzo ye-token nezindlela zokubeka. Nokho, uma izindleko zokusebenzisa ama-node zidlula imivuzo, uk participation kungancipha, kuthuthukise inethiwekhi.
4. Ukungaqiniseki Kwezomthetho
Njengoba ama-oracles ephatha idatha yezezimali ebucayi, angase atrahe ukugxekwa kwezomthetho. Imibuzo mayelana nobunikazi bedatha, ubumfihlo, kanye noxanduva ayikaxazululiwe — ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomthetho oqinile. izimiso zezezimali.
Exbix kanye neDeFi Ecosystem: Ikusasa Elisebenzisanayo
Njengomthengisi we-crypto ophumelelayo, Exbix ikahle kakhulu ukuhlanganisa umgwaqo phakathi kokuhweba okuphakathi nendawo kanye nezimali ezizimele. Ngokunikeza izixhumi ezihlanganyelwe, ukuhamba kwemali okuphezulu, kanye nezinsiza eziqinile ukuphepha, i-Exbix iyindawo efanelekayo yokungena kubasebenzisi abafuna ukuhlola indawo ye-DeFi.
Isibonelo, abathengisi abahlola ichati ye-ETH/USDT ku-Exbix bahlanganyela ekutholeni intengo ngesikhathi sangempela — inqubo eyenziwa kabusha yizivumelwano ze-DeFi zisebenzisa ama-oracles. Ngokufundisa abasebenzisi mayelana nokuthi lezi zintengo zakhiwa kanjani futhi zisetshenziswa kanjani kumakontileka akhanyayo, i-Exbix ingakhuthaza ukuqonda okukhulu nokwamukelwa kwe-DeFi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Exbix’s inkundla yokuhweba ye-futures ifana nomsebenzi wezinkampani ze-DeFi derivatives. Njengoba imigqa phakathi kwe-CeFi ne-DeFi ibhujiswa, i-Exbix ingase ihlole ama-hybrid imodeli — njenge ukuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo yokubeka enezinhloso ze-oracle noma ukuqala interface yokuhweba eyenziwe ngokuqhubekayo esekelwe kumakontileka akh smart.
Abasebenzisi abasha bangaqala ngok ukwakha i-akhawunti ku-Exbix , lapho bengathola khona ukuhweba kwe-spot, amafutha, ukubeka, nokunye. Ngokuqhubeka nokuzibophezela ekwakheni izinto ezintsha futhi ukuphepha, i-Exbix ayisiyona kuphela ipulatifomu yokuhweba — iyindlela yokungena kwikamu elizayo lezezimali.
Isiphetho: Ama-Oracles Njengesisekelo se-DeFi
Ngokufingqa, ama-oracles awasiyo kuphela imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe — ayingxenye ebalulekile ye nervous system ye-DeFi. Asetha amandla ama-smart contracts ukuze bona nokhozi nokuphendula emhlabeni, uguqula ama-blockchain ukusuka kumarekhodi ahlukanisiwe abe yizinhlelo eziphilayo, ezisekelwe kudatha.
Ukusuka kumafidi entengo kuya ekuxhumaneni kwezimali ezihlukene, kusuka ku-inshurensi kuya kumidlalo, ama-oracle avula izimo zokusetshenziswa ezazingenakwenzeka ngaphambilini endaweni engathembekile. Nokho, amandla amakhulu avela nemithwalo emikhulu. Ukuvikeleka nokwethembeka kwama-oracle kuthinta ngqo i- ukuphepha kwezigidi ezibanjwe ngenani.
Njengoba umhlaba we-DeFi ushintsha, ubuchwepheshe be-oracle nabo buzoshintsha. Singalindela imodeli yokuhlanganisa eyinkimbinkimbi, ukuncipha kokuphathwa, nokuhlanganiswa okujulile nezinhlelo zangempela. Kuma-platform afana ne Exbix Exchange, ukuhlala phambili kulokhu kushintsha kusho hhayi kuphela ukwamukela amathuluzi asekelwe ku-oracle kodwa futhi ukufundisa users mayelana nokubaluleka kwabo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhweba PEPE/USDT, uhlola ikusasa, noma uthola inzuzo ngokubambisana, ukuqonda indima ye-oracles kukusiza ukuthi uqonde ubunzima nobuhlakani bomnotho obungaphansi.
Ukufunda kabanzi ngezezimali zedijithali nezinguquko ze-DeFi, vakashela Exbix Exchange namuhla.
